India’s Greatest Scientists: Pioneers Who Changed the World.
C.V. Raman (1888–1970) – The Nobel Laureate
Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, popularly known as C.V. Raman, was an Indian physicist whose pioneering research in light scattering led to the discovery of the Raman Effect, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930. He was the first Asian and first non-white person to win a Nobel Prize in science.
Born on November 7, 1888, in Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India.His father was a teacher of mathematics and physics, which influenced his early interest in science.At the age of 11, he joined Presidency College, Madras (now Chennai), and graduated with a gold medal in physics.He completed his M.A. in Physics in 1907, achieving top honors.Initially, he joined the Indian Finance Service but continued his passion for physics through research at Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), Kolkata.In 1921, while traveling to Europe, he was intrigued by the deep blue color of the Mediterranean Sea and started investigating why water and air scatter light.On February 28, 1928, he and his student K.S. Krishnan discovered that when light passes through a transparent medium, it scatters, and some of it changes wavelength. This phenomenon was later called the Raman Effect.Nobel Prize in Physics (1930) – First Indian to win a Nobel Prize in science.Bharat Ratna (1954) – India’s highest civilian award.Knight Bachelor (1929) – Bestowed by the British Government (though he renounced it later).Lenin Peace Prize (1957) – For contributions to science and global knowledge.Used in Raman Spectroscopy, a key tool in chemical and pharmaceutical industries.Applied in forensic science, nanotechnology, biomedicine, and astronomy.Helps in detecting cancer cells, drug composition, and even analyzing space materials.
C.V. Raman’s discovery not only won him a place in history but also transformed the way we understand light and matter. His contributions laid the foundation for modern physics and continue to impact multiple fields of science and technology today.
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